DETECTING KIDNEY DAMAGE

Luiza Caramori, MD, PhD, MSc, explores the kidney damage and CKD progression that can result from inflammation and fibrosis

ALBUMINURIA: AN EARLY SIGNAL OF KIDNEY DAMAGE AND CKD PROGRESSION1,2

INFLAMMATION AND FIBROSIS CAN CAUSE ALBUMINURIA, WHICH IS AN EARLY DETECTABLE MARKER OF KIDNEY DAMAGE1-3

UACR testing is used to detect kidney damage by measuring the ratio of albumin to creatinine in the urine1

Rising UACR levels are an indicator of worsening kidney damage and a predictor of CKD progression1

eGFR TESTING ALONE MAY MISS EARLY SIGNS OF KIDNEY DAMAGE1,2,4

Even patients with eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 may be at increased risk of CKD progression if albuminuria is present1,5

UACR can detect kidney damage even when patients' eGFR is >60 mL/min5,6

WHEN LEFT LARGELY UNADDRESSED, INFLAMMATION AND FIBROSIS MAY CAUSE IRREVOCABLE KIDNEY DAMAGE7-9

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CKD: chronic kidney disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; T2D: type 2 diabetes; UACR: urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio.

References:

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013;3(1):1–150.
Campion CG, et al. Can J Kidney Health Dis. 2017;4. doi:10.1177/2054358117705371.
Thomas MC, et al. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.18.
American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(suppl 1):S1–S232.
Levey AS, et al. Kidney Int. 2011;80(1):17-28.
Kidney Failure Risk Factor: Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ration (UACR). National Kidney Foundation. Accessed February 18, 2021. https://www.kidney.org/content/kidney-failure-risk-factor-urine-albumin-to-creatinine-ration-uacr.
Tesch GH, et al. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00313.
Alicic RZ, et al. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017;12(12):2032–2045.
Black LM, et al. J Histochem Cytochem. 2019;67(9):663–681.

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